Incrustation preventive and method of manufacture.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALPHONSO RAYMOND, THOMAS Lowrnnnja'n'n DAVID'PERRY, or BOBRIK,

. RUSSIA.

INCRUSTATION PREVENTIVE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 724,331, dated March31, 1903. Application filed January 8, 1901. Serial No. 42,554.(Nospecimens.)

To all whom it may concern: ably employ a mixture of two, calcium hy- Beit known that we, ALPHONSO RAYMOND, drate, 0.1-6 per cent, and sodiumcarbonate THOMAS LOWTHER, and DAVID PERRY, subcrystallized, two percent., or 2.16 parts of jects of the Queen of Great Britain andIremixture to one hundred. parts water for the 5 land, residing atBobrik, Tchernigoff Governpurpose of dissolving out the soluble matter.ment, Russia, have invented a new or Im- Other alkaline solutions thanthe one above proved Incrustation Preventive and Process specified maybe used. The cut-up material of Making Same, of which the following is amay be also digested inthe water aloneat a specification. temperature alittle above the normal boiling- ID This invention has reference .to themanupoint of water, which may conveniently be facture and use ofmaterial specially adapted done by boiling the cut-up material in a foremployment in steam-generators, water! closed vessel heated by steam andworked at tanks, and other water-containing vessels a pressure a fewpounds above. ordinary atfor the purpose of removing. therefrom anymospheric pressure, the digestion being conr 5 incrustation that mayhave become formed tinned for several hours and until practicallytherein and for preventing any subsequent the whole of the solublematter in the plant formation of incrustation. The material is dissolvedout and the solution concentrated consists of or contains a solubleextract dema suitable strength, after which the solurived from plants ofthe order Zegumt'nosaa tion is filtered 0E and run into a storage-tank.2c and preferably from those of the suborder Advantageous results havebeen obtained by pctpz'l ionacere. The extract may be prepared digestingthe cut-up material for about eight from the green stalk, stem, root,and pod porhours at a temperature of about 220 Fahrent-ions of the plantor from the ripe or unripe heit. When wateralone is usedinthe processseed, or from two or all of those portions of of digestion, an alkalishould be added to the z 5 the plant, and the said extract may be usedclear solution produced after filtering out the in the liquid,semiliquid, or solid condition solid matter. The presence of an alkaliin or in admixture with other material. the completed product to anextent which In carrying out the invention any suitable will at leastproduce a neutral action on litvariety of plant of the kind referred tothat mus-paper is necessary to prevent the extract 0 can be readily andcheaply obtained-such becoming-too sour (acid) in the process of astares, vetches, lentils, and peas-may be manufacture or subsequently.used. To obtain the best and most econom- The modification of theprocess in which ical result, it is preferred to use both the green thealkali is mixed with the matter at the beportions of the plant and alsothe seed, which ginning is the more tedious in operation, but 3 5 may bein the ripe or unripe condition. is preferable. The modification inwhich the When using the stalk, stem, root, and pod alkali is not addeduntil the extract is ready portions of the plants, (hereinafter calledthe for final concentration is quicker, but infegreen portions of theplant,) it is imporrior. Both processes are workable. The first tantthat they should be cut and gathered may be most profitably employedwhere raw 9o 40 While still charged with sap and before they materialsare expensive and where the waste have been allowed to become ripe andhard. product-that is to say, the solid materials When using the greenportions of the leguseparated out from the solution'is used as minousplant and also the seed, the extract artificial manure. The secondprocess is most may be prepared as follows: The green porprofitablyemployed where raw materials are 5 45 tions of the plant, preferablyafter being cheap and plentiful and where the waste proddried, arefinely subdivided, which may conuct can be used for feeding cattle.veniently be done by passing them through The leguminous seed when inthe ripe cona machine, such as a chaff-cutter or. any dition is firstreduced to the form of flour or other suitable machine, and then treatedwith when in the unripe state is sliced, bruised, or 5c caustic alkaliesand water. WVhile various ground and then treated with caustic alkaliesalkalies may be used to advantage, I preferand water or with water alonein a suitable vessel that is preferably provided with a stirring deviceor devices, so as to facilitate the solution of the soluble mattercontained in the powdered seed. The treatment of the seed is continueduntil practically the whole of the soluble matter in the seed has beendissolved out, after which the solid or undissolved matter is removedfrom the solution, which may conveniently be done in a hydroextractor.The clear or filtered solution thus obtained is then added to thesolution obtained by the digestion of the green portion of theleguminous plant and the mixed solutions concentrated,or the twosolutions may be concentrated separately to a suitable strength and thenmixed together. Instead of treating the leguminous seed in a mixingvessel, as described, it may be mixed in such vessel with the solutionobtained by the treatment of the green portion of the plant, so as toenrich such solution, which is then concentrated. The concentration ofeach solution or of the mixed solutions may be carried to any desiredextent. It may be only to such an extent as to produce a strong liquidsolution, or it may be to such an extent as to form a syrupy liquid or asemisolid or solid mass. The concentrated extract produced by my processis practically a vegetable casein. Conveniently the solution may beconcentrated to such an extent as to produce a strong solution and bethen mixed with suitable porous or absorbent and easily-powderedmaterial-such, for example, as dry moss or peatwhich after beingsaturated with the solution is dried and subsequently reduced to afinely-divided condition. The mixture may be used in the powderedcondition or be compressed into cakes for use.

The vegetable extract hereinbefore described either alone or mixed withother matter may, when it is to be used in a steam-generator, beintroduced into the same in any suitable manner, conveniently by addingit to the feed-water supplied to the steam-generator. The said extractcan also be advan tageously used in tanks and other vessels in whichwater is heated or stored.

The extract may be used in varying quantities to suit requirement. Inthe case of a locomotive-boiler that had become nearly unworkable, owingto the accumulation of scale therein, practicallythe whole of the scalewas detached from the tubes and other parts of the boiler by addingabout one pound (half a kilogram) of the mixture of extract andabsorbent material to the feed-water of the boiler once everytwenty-four hours for about six days, the scale falling in a softpulverulent condition to the bottom of the boiler, whence it was removedfrom time to time by blowing off. In a clean boiler a smaller quantityof the material added, say, to the feed-water tank every twenty-fourhours will serve to effectually keep the-inner surface of a large boilerfree or practically free from scale.

What we claim is- 1. The process of manufacturing the hereindescribedsoluble extract from the plants of the order lcgumt'noscc, andparticularly of the suborder papilz'onacece, said process consisting indigesting the green portions of the plants in a subdivided condition inwater with caustic alkalies at a temperature above the normalboiling-point of water, separating the resultingsolution from theundissolved and insoluble matter present, mixing and digesting the seedportion of the plants in a powdered or disintegrated condition in saidsolu tion, separating the resulting solution from the undissolved andinsoluble matter,and concentrating the solution to a suitable strengthor consistency, as set forth.

2. The process of manufacturing the herein described soluble extractfrom the plants of the order Zeguminosce and particularly of thesuborder papiliona-cecc, said process consisting in digesting the greenportions of the plants in asubdivided condition in water with jcausticalkalies at a temperature above the normal boiling-point of water,separating the resulting solution from the undissolved and insolublematterpresent, mixing and digesting the seed portion of the plants in apowdered or disintegrated condition in said solution, separating theresulting solution from the undissolved and insoluble matter,concentrating the solution to a suitable strength or consistency,.andmixing the concentrated solution with porous or absorbent material, asset forth.

'3. The herein-described article of manu ,facture for removing andpreventing incrustation in water-containing vessels, the sole vegetablecomponent of which is an extract of the suborder papil-ionacece ofplants of the order Zegumt'noscc.

4:. The herein-descrihed article of manufacture for removing andpreventing iucrustation in water-containing vessels, the sole vegetablecomponent of which is an extract of the pulverized seeds of thesuborderpapil'ionacece of plants of the order Zegmm'noscc.

5. The herein-described article of manufacture for removing andpreventing incrustation in water-containing vessels, the sole vegetablecomponent of which is a neutralized extract of the pulverized seeds ofthe suborder papil'ioncrcerc of plants of the order Zeguminoscc.

Signed at Odessa, Russia, this 13th day of December, 1900.

ALPHONSO RAYMOND.

THOMAS LOVVTHER. DAVID PERRY.

Witnesses: THOMAS E. HEENAN, THOMAS MILES.

